Oligopolistic firms never collude because they have almost no incentive to do so.

The seller's investment value is the ____________ he or she would be willing to accept.

Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).

A feature of imperfect competition is _________, which means that as the firm expands its production, average costs of production fall. Therefore, the firm can _______ its costs of production by selling internationally.

a. economies of scale; decrease b. economies of scale; increase c. increasing returns to scale; decrease d. specialization; increase