In 1959, Happenings were pioneered by the painter Allan Kaprow. They included several environments and uses of multimedia. Which of the following is NOT a common characteristics of Happenings?
a. They often made each participant a partial creator of the event
b. They sought to provide an experience rather than present a message or single meaning.
c. They often asked audience members to contribute cash donations instead of charging ticket prices.
d. They broke down barriers between the arts and mingled elements.
c
Art & Culture