________ is passively assessing the range of motion of a joint

The arterial-to-end-tidal CO2 and the arterial-to-maximum expiratory partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PCO2) gradients are both elevated and equal to each other. This finding is consistent with:

a. chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. b. left-sided heart failure. c. esophageal intubation. d. pulmonary embolism.

While observing a patient receiving ventilatory support, you notice that all delivered breaths are initiated or terminated by the machine. Which of the following modes of ventilatory support is in force?

a. Intermittent mandatory ventilation b. Partial ventilatory support c. Continuous mandatory ventilation d. Continuous spontaneous ventilation