During the summer months, you work as an EMT at a first aid station that helps people who hike trails in the high mountains of the western United States. One afternoon, you are presented with a 13-year-old male patient who presents as alert and oriented, but complains of chest pain, dyspnea, and a headache. He is tachypneic and tachycardic and has slight inspiratory crackles. Given this presentation, what would be the most likely differential diagnosis?

A) Congenital heart disease
B) Fall while hiking causing a mild traumatic brain injury
C) Altitude-induced cerebral edema
D) High-altitude pulmonary edema

D) High-altitude pulmonary edema