Which of the following mechanism of injuries does NOT warrant cervical spine precautions?

The EMT shows that he can accurately differentiate placenta previa from abruptio placentae when he states:

A) "Abruptio placentae typically occurs in the first and second trimesters; placenta previa occurs in the third trimester." B) "Bleeding associated with abruptio placentae is typically associated with abdominal pain; bleeding associated with placenta previa is painless." C) "Abruptio placentae rarely results in the death of the baby; the mortality rate of placenta previa is high." D) "The blood lost with placenta previa is dark red; the color of blood associated with abruptio placentae is bright red."

A young female complains of sharp pain to the left lower quadrant of her abdomen. She states that her last period was seven weeks ago. With this information, the EMT should be suspicious of:

A) Placenta previa B) Appendicitis C) Abruptio placentae D) Ectopic pregnancy