In the short-run macro model, cyclical unemployment is caused by insufficient spending

One difference between perfect competition and monopolistic competition is that

a. in perfect competition, firms cannot earn a long-run economic profit b. in perfect competition, firms take full advantage of economies of scale in long-run equilibrium; in monopolistic competition, firms do not c. only under perfect competition is there ease of entry and exit d. in monopolistic competition, the firm's demand curve is horizontal; in perfect competition, the firm's demand curve slopes downward e. in perfect competition, there are many firms; under monopolistic competition, there are few firms

Which of the following is an example of a positive, as opposed to normative, statement?

a. When the minimum wage is increased, unemployment is a predictable consequence. b. The income tax rate should be increased to offset the budget deficit. c. Increasing government spending is the best way to help the economy move out of a recession. d. More than one of the above are positive statements.