Which of the following is true of self-administered reinforcement?
a. It is guided by our past behavior as reference.
b. It involves both reward and punishment.
c. It is more effective with older children and adults.
d. All of these are correct.
ANS: D
FEEDBACK: Self-reinforcement is as important as reinforcement administered by others, particularly for older children and adults. A continuing process of self-reinforcement regulates much of our behavior requires internal standards of performance, subjective criteria or reference points against which we evaluate our behavior. Our past behavior may become a reference point for evaluating present behavior and an incentive for better performance in the future.
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The ability to evaluate, compare, analyze, critique, and synthesize information is known as
a. massed practice. b. experiential learning. c. critical thinking. d. transference.
Dolores has moved to a big city for the first time in her life. She is excited by the opportunity to explore the city, but is also anxious about what she read recently about street crime in one of the city’s neighborhoods. In reality, she is more at risk of harm from reckless drivers. What heuristic is she applying is this situation?
a. ?representativeness heuristic b. ?availability heuristic c. ?affect heuristic d. ?recognition heuristic