After John W. Hinckley, Jr. was acquitted of attempting to assassinate President Reagan on the basis of his plea of "not guilty by reason of insanity," ____

a. Congress passed the Insanity Defense Reform Act of 1984, which based the definition of insanity totally on the individual's ability to understand his or her actions
b. the American Law Institute wrote the Model Penal Code, which shifted the burden of determining criminal responsibility from experts to the jury
c. the American Law Institute amended its Model Penal Code to include the concept of diminished capacity
d. the federal courts amended the insanity laws to place a greater burden on the defendant to prove insanity in assassination cases that involve political figures

A