Which of the following is a component of the "when and how" of politics?

In contrast to a single-group, pretest-posttest design, participants in a within-subjects design

A) respond to a fixed order of presentations of the independent variable. B) respond to a fixed order of presentations of the dependent variable. C) are presented with the independent variable only once. D) respond in two or more conditions and the order of presentation of conditions is not necessarily fixed.

Developing countries attribute at least some of their problems to the fact that they suffered colonial rule because it made them producers of

a. primary commodities. b. local "folk" products. c. fossil fuels. d. guest workers. e. music and performance artists.