Positive reinforcement involves ______ and negative reinforcement involves _______.
a. good outcomes; bad outcomes
b. increasing reinforcement; decreasing reinforcement
c. presenting something pleasant; removing something pleasant
d. presenting something pleasant; removing something unpleasant
Ans: d. presenting something pleasant; removing something unpleasant
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Which of the following is true regarding strokes?
A) Hemorrhagic strokes are associated with bleeding within the heart. B) Ischemic strokes are related to excessive vasodilation of the brain blood vessels. C) The risk of stroke increases with age. D) Hemorrhagic strokes are associated with tumor compression of nerve tissue. E) Ischemic stroke will eventually produce a hemorrhagic stroke.
Research finds that in human beings, dominant and successful males are likely to attract more females, and dominance among males is often decided on the basis of
a. physical strength to hypothetically kill other males. b. intrasexual competition in risky endeavors. c. occupational stature and financial earnings. d. external details, such as the clothes one wears or the type of car one drives.