One reason patent protection is vitally important to pharmaceutical firms is
A) successful new drugs are not profitable. If firms are not granted patents many would go out of business and health care would be severely diminished.
B) the approval process for new drugs through the Food and Drug Administration can take more than 10 years and is very costly. Patents enable firms to recover costs incurred during this process.
C) that taxes on profits from drugs are very high; profits from patent protection enable firms to pay these taxes.
D) the high salaries pharmaceutical firms pay to scientists and doctors make their labor costs higher than for any other business. Profits from patents are needed to pay these labor costs.
Answer: B
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If a country began exporting product A and importing product B, then, as compared to the autarky (no-trade) situation, the marginal cost of product A will
A) increase. B) decrease. C) shift outward. D) shift inward. E) remain the same.
Which of the following will cause the demand curve for a good to shift to the right?
a. Decrease in income for a normal good. b. Increase in the price of a complementary good. c. Decrease in the price of the good. d. Increase in the price of a substitute good. e. Expectation of a future price decline.