Four-year-old Kula is given a puppet and told to teach it all of the names that she can think of for certain animals and food items. At one point, she is asked the following questions about a lion: "Is it an animal?" and "Is it a type of cat?" Her correct response of "yes" to both questions indicates that Kukla understands

Another name for the ________ is the just noticeable difference

a. just say when effect b. statoacoustic effect c. difference threshold d. signal detection error rate e. absolute threshold

When Donovan was four years old, he was startled and began to cry when a car backfired just as he was walking past a fire hydrant. As an adult, Donovan is still fearful of fire hydrants and avoids walking near them. Based on principles of classical conditioning, Donovan's current fear of fire hydrants is

a. an unconditioned response. b. a result of observational learning. c. a conditioned response. d. a result of counterconditioning.