If the quality of a good deteriorates while its price remains the same, then the value of a dollar
a. rises and the cost of living increases.
b. rises and the cost of living decreases.
c. falls and the cost of living increases.
d. falls and the cost of living decreases.
c
You might also like to view...
Markets can be least well-defined by
a. product similarity b. location c. price elasticity d. cross-price elasticity e. degree of firm interdependence
Railway engines create sparks, which sometimes set fire to crops planted near the tracks. A large number of farmers are affected, and transactions costs prevent the farmers and the railroad from negotiating bribes or side payments. The price of railway service is $250 per train, and each train causes $50 of crop damage. The accompanying diagram shows the relevant market for railway service.
(i) Suppose a Pigovian tax of $50 per train is imposed on the railroad. By how much will social gain increase?
(ii) Suppose that the farmers can move their crops away from the tracks at a cost of $2,400 per month. If the goal is to achieve economic efficiency, who should be made liable for the crop damage? What will be the resulting social gain?
(iii) Suppose that farmers still have the option of moving their crops as described in part ii. Also suppose that the railroad can install safety equipment that will prevent the engine sparks at a cost of $25 per train. If the goal is to achieve economic efficiency, who should be made liable for the crop damage? What will be the resulting social gain?