A party to a civil case who was dissatisfied with the outcome in the trial court could next proceed to a court with

In Federalist #_____, Alexander Hamilton wrote that the Judiciary would eventually gain substantial power by the sheer force / impact of its judgements.

Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).

European colonial powers

a. often provided much capital to LDCs after giving them independence. b. bequeathed different levels of modernization to their colonial empires, in some cases by absorbing indigenous people into the colonial administration. c. often engaged in a "scorched-earth" policy of destroying as much as they could before allowing independence. d. none of the above