The ability of an office holder to avoid challenges from quality challengers is known as the __________ effect

Which are sources of nontax revenue for the federal government?

a. canal tolls and fees for passports and copyrights b. payroll deductions for social insurance taxes c. a levy on the estate of a person who dies d. a levy on imports brought into the United States

A state's tendency to limit welfare benefits, deregulate business, keep taxes low, and generally place less reliance on government and more reliance on individuals and the marketplace to achieve social goals refers to policy ________._

A. conservatism B. liberalism C. socialism D. libertarianism