Surplus value that is lost because something is keeping the market from functioning as well as it can is called

If the AD and AS curves intersect in the upward-sloping segment of the AS curve, and then taxes increase, we should expect to see the price level

a. rise and real GDP to rise b. rise and real GDP to fall c. rise and the unemployment rate to fall d. fall and real GDP to rise e. fall and the unemployment rate to rise

One would expect that collusion among oligopolistic producers would be easiest to achieve in which of the following cases?

A. A rather large number of firms producing a differentiated product. B. A very small number of firms producing a differentiated product. C. A rather large number of firms producing a homogeneous product. D. A very small number of firms producing a homogeneous product.