In the U.S., approximately what percent of adolescents are killed by another adolescent?

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

a. Spanking a child for crying is an effective form of punishment since it evokes crying incompatible behaviors. b. Although the short-term consequences of punishment may be effective, the longer-term effects are less so. c. Punishment contingencies can be effective whether natural or social. d. Punishing the behavior of another person often reinforces the behavior of the person who administers the punishment. e. A parent's shouting to a child to "Be quiet!" may elicit emotional responses that become conditioned to the parent.

In Piaget's theory, children use organization to

A) build schemes through direct interaction with the environment. B) adjust old schemes and create new ones to fit with the environment. C) accommodate the back-and-forth movement between cognitive equilibration and disequilibration. D) internally rearrange and link schemes to create a strongly interconnected cognitive system.