According to Seligman, a(n) _____ explanatory style can prevent learned helplessness from spreading to other aspects of life
a. optimistic
c. radical
b. pessimistic
d. cynical
ANS: A
FEEDBACK: Seligman proposed the concept of explanatory style to account for the factor of optimism versus pessimism. An optimistic explanatory style prevents helplessness; a pessimistic explanatory style spreads helplessness to all facets of life.
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As originally designed, the scoring of the Rorschach was
a. the client's level of verbal expressiveness. b. the way the client's descriptions took into account shapes and colors. c. based on emotions expressed by patients while looking at the cards. d. largely impressionistic and placed considerable emphasis on the person's response.
To summarize the contemporary model of emotion, which of the following theorists correctly stated that feedback from arousal and behavior adds to our emotional experiences?
a. Cannon and Bard b. James and Lange c. Stanley Schachter d. Richard Lazarus