Why do independent executive agencies operate outside a cabinet department and report directly to the president?

a. The agency head needs to preserve some independence from hostile departments and feel free from politicization.
b. The agency and the department may agree on policies and the president needs to be advised from different perspectives.
c. Cabinet departments must always feel unrestricted in overriding agencies.
d. The agency head must generate discord in order to do his or her job appropriately.

a

Political Science

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Which of the following is true about the Department of Energy?

a. It was created by President George H.W. Bush as a diversionary political response to rising gas prices. b. It was abolished by President Ronald Reagan and its duties moved to the Department of the Interior. c. It was created by President Jimmy Carter as a political response to the energy shortage of the 1970s. d. It was stripped of the authority to regulate nuclear power plants and oil importation by President George W. Bush.

Political Science

Which of the following types of constitutions have no constitutional review, bill of rights, and is not entrenched?

A. unentrenched B. codified C. higher law D. legislative supremacy

Political Science