The 19th-century discovery of the connection between _____and a concrete physical illness, syphilis, strengthened the medical model and held out the promise that organic causes would eventually be found for other abnormal behavior

Conditions like albinism or fused toes are physical dysfunctions but would not be regarded as mental disorders because they

a. are physical. b. do not cause any harm. c. are rare. d. are not easily diagnosed.

What general values do developed countries tend to regard highly?

a. collectivistic b. individualistic c. traditional d. modern