Through his own studies and thoughts, Robert has come to realize that he and his parents differ on several important beliefs. According to the text, which aspect of independence has Robert accomplished?

Mallory and Steve are parents of a difficult temperament infant. In response to the child's temperament, they become less available and less responsive. As a result, their child becomes more difficult to handle. This is an example of

a. insecure attachment. b. slow-to-warm-up temperament. c. goodness of fit d. reaction range

Self-reinforcement:

a. has to be tangible to be effective. c. ceases when we fail to reach a certain level of achievement. b. can be guided by our past behavior as reference points. d. has also been alternatively addressed as the superego by Bandura.