According to the discussion in Chapter 12, the belief-bias effect
a. is an example of overreliance on bottom-up processing.
b. is likely to operate for people who have difficulty thinking flexibly.
c. reveals that people provide irrational answers on logical reasoning tasks.
d. arises from the general human tendency to answer "true," rather than "false."
Ans: b
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In the development of sexual orientation, which of the following is TRUE?
a. Genetic factors play no role in the development of sexual orientation. b. Genetic factors completely account for the development of sexual orientation. c. Genetic factors account for the development of sexual orientation in males, but not in females. d. Genetic factors play a larger role in determining homosexuality in males than in females. e. Genetic factors play a larger role in determining homosexuality in females than in males.
Which of the following statements about Francis Galton is correct?
a. He was an early member of the cognitive approach to intelligence. b. He attempted to measure intelligence through tests such as the memory span. c. Unlike Charles Darwin, he was strongly opposed to the idea of survival of the fittest. d. His tests were later shown to be poor predictors of actual intellectual performance.