Schools that limit criticism and only give praise to adolescents have been very successful in raising adolescents' self-esteem, as well as their academic performance

Which of the following is one of the ethical principles of the American Psychological Association?

a. Psychologists respect the dignity and worth of all people, and the rights of individuals to privacy, confidentiality, and self-determination. b. Psychologists may not use minors (those under age 18) as participants in research. c. If a study is conducted over the internet, psychologists need not obtain informed consent from participants. d. Psychologists are not responsible for protecting the confidentiality of information they obtain from participants.

A test has adverse impact if it

a. decreases an individual's self-esteem. b. systematically rejects higher proportions of minority than non-minority individuals. c. prevents non-minority applicants from being hired. d. is used by an untrained administrator.