The tendency to select wrong answers because they seem to match pre-existing mental categories is called the __________

According to the concept of gender-role spillover, which is discussed in the chapter titled "Women and Work,"

a. women often let their family problems spill over into the time spent at work. b. women are more likely than men to discuss gender issues in the workplace. c. men are likely to sexually harass women who act in a nonstereotypical fashion. d. employers may judge a female job applicant on the basis of her attractiveness and stereotypically female characteristics.

Which one of the following choices refers to the tendency to give our attention to unexpected noises or other stimuli and is part of our goal of self-preservation?

A. Habituation B. Intelligence C. Orienting reflex D. Learning