Which political philosopher said that "man is born free, and everywhere he is in chains"?

If a control group realizes they are being denied some advantage, which two processes may create invalid experimental findings:

A. Compensatory rivalry and demoralization B. Regression and maturation C. Contamination and the placebo effect D. The Hawthorne effect and the history effect

The drafters of West Germany's Basic Law attempted to prevent the success of extremist parties by

a. having the Chancellor chosen by the states. b. making terms in office short. c. forbidding the re-election of top officials. d. making campaigns long and expensive. e. electing half of the lower house through proportional representation.