Describe the approach taken to the handling of data in the early file-based systems. Discuss the disadvantages of this approach.
What will be an ideal response?
Focus was on applications for which programs would be written, and all the data required would
be stored in a file or files owned by the programs. See also Section 1.2.
Clearly, each program was responsible for only its own data, which could be repeated in other
program’s data files. Different programs could be written in different languages, and would not be
able to access another program’s files. This would be true even for those programs written in the
same language, because a program needs to know the file structure before it can access it. See also
Section 1.2.2.
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A) Compare B) Reset Window Position C) Synchronous Scrolling D) Combine
What access management concept defines what rights or privileges a user has?
A. Identification B. Accountability C. Authorization D. Authentication