When a behavior occurs and is followed by the presentation of a stimulus that results in a decrease in the behavior in the future, it is referred to as:

Leonard Berkowitz (1981, p. 12) wrote, "An angry person can pull the trigger of a gun if he [sic] wants to commit violence; but the trigger can also pull the finger or otherwise elicit aggressive reactions from him [sic], if he [sic] is ready to aggress and does not have strong inhibitions against such behaviour." This quote is an argument

A) that the presence of guns can increase aggression. B) against gun control. C) that lethal violence is a major part of American society. D) that "guns don't kill people; people kill people." E) that gun violence cannot be reduced.

A research study in which different groups of people of different ages are compared to assess a particular variable is a __________

a) cross-sectional study. b) longitudinal study. c) experimental study. d) survey.