Maricella always uses less seasoning on her food than do the other members of her family. Her sister has just taken an introductory psychology course and says to Maricella:
a) "I know what you are—you are a taster pro."
b) "I know what you are—you are a taster queen."
c) "I know what you are—you are a supertaster."
d) "I know what you are—you are a Gustavus Adolphus."
ANS: C, Someone who is more sensitive to taste than others is called a supertaster.
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Chapter 8 discusses the term "graded structure" in connection with the prototype theory of semantic memory. The best example of this term is
a. the observation that we frequently make spontaneous generalizations. b. the structure of our knowledge during the tip-of-the-tongue effect. c. the arrangement of words in a specific category, from most prototypical to least prototypical. d. the fact that the terms "concept" and "category" are related but somewhat different from each other.
Cross-cultural research suggests that
A) compared to non-Western societies, comprehension of conservation in Western societies is greatly delayed. B) Non-Western and Western children attain conservation at about the same age. C) taking part in everyday activities helps children master conservation and other Piagetian problems. D) conservation is not a relevant concept in non-Western societies.