Julia's father asked her to go to her bedroom to select a book that they could read together. Julia went upstairs to her bedroom and chose her favorite book from her bookshelf. On her way back downstairs, Julia's mother asked her what she was doing. Julia's response was "Book read.". Based on this description, Julia may meet the criteria for ____

You are conducting an experiment to determine if listening to music improves learning. If there was no difference between the test performance of the experimental and control groups, then we can conclude that

a. extraneous variables were not controlled. b. the two groups were not randomly assigned. c. listening to music improved learning. d. listening to music had no effect on learning.

Jennifer is a classic "tomboy" and insists she has a penis. She says she wants to be a man when she grows up. Most children with ideas like Jennifer's ____

a. become transvestites b. develop gender dysphoria as adults c. do not develop gender dysphoria as adults d. engage in paraphilias as adults