A decrease in AS will trigger less inflation under which of the following conditions?

Firms in a small economy anticipated that inventories would grow over the past year by $500,000. Over that year, inventories actually grew by only $400,000. This implies that

A) there was a planned increase in inventories that year. B) aggregate expenditure that year was greater than GDP that year. C) aggregate expenditure that year was equal to GDP that year. D) there was an unplanned increase in inventories that year.

Consider a firm that uses two inputs, labor and capital, to produce its output. Assume labor is measured on the horizontal axis and capital on the vertical axis

Which of the following best explains why the marginal rate of technical substitution decreases in absolute value as we move down an isoquant? A) The law of imperfect substitutability: labor and capital are not perfect substitutes; therefore, a firm must replace decreases in capital with increases in labor. B) The law of diminishing returns: for a given decline in capital, decreasing amounts of labor are required to produce the same level of output. C) The law of increasing marginal opportunity cost: if a firm uses less and less capital it must use more and more labor, which drives up the cost of labor. D) The law of diminishing returns: for a given decline in capital, increasing amounts of labor are required to produce the same level of output.