While there are many theories regarding the cause(s) of ADHD, some suspected causes have not held up to research scrutiny. Which of the following has not been supported conclusively as a cause of ADHD in scientific research?

Anthropologists like Margaret Mead and Ruth Benedict emphasize the importance of ________ in determining the personality development of children

A) evolution B) genetics C) race D) social environment

Research on metacognitive development shows that school-age children know that

A) rehearsal is a more effective memory strategy than elaboration. B) use of private speech hinders task performance. C) memory strategies rarely work as suggested. D) people can extend their knowledge by making mental inferences.