When parents and infants can understand each other's emotions, creating and modifying shared interactions in response to each other, this is called

Humanism has been criticized for having a "theory of evil."

Indicate whether this statement is true or false.

When a stimulus is removed from a person or animal resulting in a decrease in the probability of response, it is known as __________

a) positive punishment. b) negative punishment. c) negative reinforcement. d) punishing reinforcement.