In the late 2000s, which of the following was the primary source of external financing for small to medium-size firms?

Jake just bought a new hockey stick. When he was leaving the shop, he thought that he such a great deal and would have paid $50 more dollars for the stick. Jake received

A) producer surplus. B) equilibrium. C) marginal cost. D) total surplus. E) consumer surplus.

If the Fed wanted to use all of its policy variables to decrease the supply of money, which of following would that include? a. Increasing its open market sales of government securities. b. Increasing the required reserve ratio

c. Decreasing the interest rate it pays banks on bank reserves. d. It would include all of the above.