The optimal hiring rule is to employ labor up to the point where:

When aggregate demand shifts right along the short-run aggregate supply curve, unemployment

a. falls, so there are upward pressures on wages and prices. b. falls, so there are downward pressures on wages and prices. c. rises, so there are upward pressures on wages and prices. d. rises, so there are downward pressures on wages and prices.

Assuming the basic purpose is to raise additional revenue, should government levy an excise tax on cigarettes whose demand is highly inelastic or on a product whose demand is highly elastic? Are there any other reasons to levy such a tax?

What will be an ideal response?