The concept of a cohort is important because individuals in the same cohort experience the same ______ circumstances

Newer research involving Erikson's lifespan theory of psychosocial development documents

that: A) college students, across different time eras, report very different levels of identity achievement. B) intimacy issues appear to be resolved sooner than issues concerning autonomy or identity. C) identity achievement occurs before the achievement of intimacy. D) many of his stages cannot be assessed.

Pre-test sensitization has the potential for

a. confounding the IV. b. confounding the DV. c. increasing test reliability. d. creating constants out of variables.