In one study described in the text, students were asked to wear a Barry Manilow t-shirt during conversation with other students. The study demonstrated the spotlight effect by showing that

A) those wearing the shirt overestimated the likelihood other students would notice their t-shirt.
B) those wearing the shirt underestimated the likelihood other students would know the singer's name.
C) other students attributed negative characteristics to the student wearing the salient shirt.
D) other students paid less attention to the content of what was said by the student wearing the t-shirt.

Answer: A

Psychology

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People who live in isolated, scientifically unsophisticated societies and who have little formal education are less likely to perform at the formal operational level than formally educated persons living in more technologically sophisticated societies. This is an example of ___________ influences on the formal operations of adolescents.

a. internal b. external c. cultural d. logical

Psychology

Heuristics exert a strong influence on our thinking in large measure because they ________

a) rely on our internal personal biases and unknown prejudices b) are effortful processes that require an expenditure of mental energy c) activate critical brain structures such as the amygdala d) reduce the mental effort needed to make judgments and decisions

Psychology