The form of economics most relevant to managerial decision-making within the firm is:

The time and money spent in carrying out financial transactions are called

A) economies of scale. B) financial intermediation. C) liquidity services. D) transaction costs.

Which of the following would lead to a leftward shift in the supply curve for Czech kroner?

a. A decrease in the dollar-krona exchange rate b. An increase in the Czech Republic's GDP relative to U.S. GDP c. Expectation that the dollar price of the krona will rise d. Stronger Czech interest in U.S. audio CDs e. An increase in the U.S. interest rate relative to the Czech interest rate.