List six things Zimbardo recommends that you can do to resist group influence. (6 points)
What will be an ideal response
List six things Zimbardo recommends that you can do to resist group influence. 6 points, 1 each for any 6 of the following:
- Understand that you are as susceptible as anyone else to the power of group influence; this happens all the time and you need to be vigilant
- Be ready to say that you're wrong if you get new evidence
- For important decisions gather needed information; don't let someone convince you of something you don't know anything about; extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence; be skeptical; be a critical thinker
- Look for holes in arguments; look for discrepancies in arguments or ideas; play devil's advocate, especially if someone wants you to take an extreme position or do something bad
- Avoid extreme situations where you are out of contact with those not in the group
- Make people give their credentials and show their IDs
- Even if you believe something question whether the actions someone else is asking you to take are justified
- Don't put abstract principles ahead of real people
- Challenge rules, especially if they are extreme: who made the rule, what is the rule intended to do, who maintains the rule, who benefits from the rule
- Avoid the fundamental attribution error; are the causes of behavior due to internal traits or external circumstances?
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Milgram's obedience research was important at the time he conducted it because
a. behavioral theories of the time predicted one outcome but Freudian theory predicted very different outcomes. b. the Nazi atrocities of World War II that were based on blind obedience was still fresh in people's memories. c. Milgram's studies were among the first to study the effect of obedience on racist behaviors. d. earlier studies of obedience had erroneously predicted how people would behave under stressful conditions.
What happened in the case involving Father Bernard Pagano? A. Father Pagano identified a criminal based primarily on his voice, which he had heard during a confession at church
B. Father Pagano organized a neighborhood search to find the killer of a 10-year-old boy; the killer was a member of his congregation. C. Father Pagano was sentenced to 25 years in prison for child molestation. His victim positively identified him 10 years after the crime. D. Father Pagano was identified by victims and prosecuted for armed robbery but charges were dismissed when the true criminal came forward.