As a toddler's sense of self and the separation with others increases, one may see a higher rate of ______

According to the research on how adolescents interact with their parents,

a. most adolescent males and females report that they disagree with their parents about most important issues. b. males are typically less likely than females to argue with their parents. c. most adolescent males and females feel they have little in common with their parents. d. most adolescent males and females get along fairly well with their parents.

Penelope's therapist rephrases, summarizes, and repeats the thoughts and feelings that Penelope has just expressed, acting much like a psychological "mirror" so that Penelope can see herself more clearly. Penelope's therapist is exhibiting

a. vicarious desensitization. b. reflection. c. transference. d. free association.