________ leaders appeal to the higher order needs of their followers

Which of the following approaches is best suited to assess whether there are causal relationships among variables?

a. focus groups b. surveys c. experiments d. content analysis e. ethnography

We can reduce or eliminate the influence of possibly relevant variables in an experiment by

a. conducting interviews with participants b. observing participants closely c. randomly assigning participants to each experimental group d. repeating the experiment e. watching how participants change over time.