Children begin to name objects at about ________

When a student is given two seemingly different problems to

solve, but the problems have the same underlying logical requirements, the student may miss this similarity due to the apparent differences in the wording of the questions. The relationship between two problems is called A) salience of surface similarities. B) mental sets. C) functional fixedness. D) parallel paradigms.

William is a police officer who is instructed by a superior officer to beat a suspect in order to obtain a confession. According to research conducted on obedience, William is more likely to disobey this order if:

a. the superior officer is in the room with William and the suspect. b. another senior officer agrees that William should beat the suspect. c. the suspect asks William to stop. d. William sees another police officer refuse to continue beating the suspect.