Research has shown that when certain groups of animals observe another engaging in a particular behavior, some of the same neurons also become active in the observer animal. This is due to the action of what type of neuron?

Which of the following events most intrigued Pavlov and led to his discoveries?

a) The dogs seemed to enjoy the food. b) The assistant salivated along with the dogs when the dogs started to eat. c) The dogs stopped salivating after seeing the assistant so many times. d) The dogs started to salivate when they saw Pavlov's assistant and before they got the food.

Sally is participating in an adoption study. Sally was adopted when she was seven months old. Her biological family could be characterized as Caucasian, middle-class, from an urban setting in the northeastern United States

She was placed with an adoptive family that could be characterized as being Caucasian, middle-class, from an urban setting in the northeastern United States. Sally's adoption presents what potential problem for the researchers of the adoption study? A) heritability B) probabilistic epigenesis C) selective placement D) equal environments