In a famous study, Seligman and his colleagues trained dogs that a tone predicated an inescapable shock

When the dogs were put into a situation where they could avoid the shock simply by moving to a "safe zone" they would simply lie down and receive the shock. This phenomenon is called ___________.
A) masochism
B) learned helplessness
C) a pessimistic response pattern
D) negative affectivity

Answer: B
Rationale: This finding was described as learned helplessness—an acquired suppression of avoidance or escape behavior in response to unpleasant, uncontrollable circumstances.