Name and describe the two competing theories that attempt to explain perception. Provide an example for how each theory might explain a percept

What will be an ideal response?

The learning-based inference claims that prior learning determines our perceptions. The Gestalt theory claims that the brain is designed to seek out patterns. Thus, this theory believes that nature is the key determinant of what we perceive. As for the examples, the student's examples must reflect prior learning for the learning-based inference (for example, seeing B0Y as 'b-o-y" rather than "b-zero-y").