List some achievements of the kingdoms during the classic and medieval periods

What will be an ideal response?

• Answers may vary. Sanskrit became a common language; important works on religion and philosophy such as the Upanishads (the "forest books") explored reality and the self; yoga with its physical and mental discipline was invented; the Puranas fleshed out the myths of the gods and goddesses of today's popular Hinduism; many books on the arts including music were written such as the Natya Sastra (c. 200 BCE) and Sangeeta Ratnakara (12^th century); the two great epics, the Ramayana and the Mahabharata were also written (containing source material used even today for song lyrics); painting, sculpture and architecture reached "pinnacles of achievement."