When concrete, objective measures of ability are lacking, people turn to ________ to evaluate themselves by gaining understanding derived from how others act, think, feel, and view the world

James Dabbs and his colleagues (e.g., Dabbs et al., 1995) have found that testosterone levels are significantly higher in men _______ than men ___________.

A) convicted of property crimes; convicted of violent crimes B) who play professional sports; who play recreational sports C) from abusive homes; from non-abusive homes D) convicted of violent crimes; convicted of property crimes E) from lower socioeconomic backgrounds; higher socioeconomic backgrounds

________ dictate a broad preference for certain states of affairs over others.

Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).