Describe how living in a family with siblings might have an influence on a child's temperament
What will be an ideal response?
Answer: In families with several children, parents often look for differences between siblings. As a result, parents often view siblings as more distinct than other observers do. In a large study of 1- to 3-year-old twin pairs, parents rated identical twins as less alike in temperament than researchers' ratings indicated. And whereas researchers rated fraternal twins as moderately similar, parents viewed them as somewhat opposite in temperament. This tendency to emphasize each child's unique qualities affects parenting practices. Each child, in turn, evokes responses from caregivers that are consistent with parental beliefs and the child's developing temperament. Besides different experiences within the family, siblings have distinct experiences with teachers, peers, and others in their community that affect development. And in middle childhood and adolescence, siblings often seek ways to differ from one another. In sum, temperament and personality can be understood only in terms of complex interdependencies between genetic and environmental factors.
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The authors of your text describe Masako Owada's decision to give up her career and marry the crown prince of Japan. Many Americans viewed her decision as to the result of coercion and sexism. How do many Japanese view her decision?
a. the same ways Americans view the decision b. as a show of support to the feminist movement c. as a natural consequence of being connected and obligated to others d. as part of her greater goal to promote her own career by obtaining the power of being royalty
Most recent research has shown that depth perception begins to develop as early as what age?
a. two weeks b. six weeks c. eight weeks d. four months