The justification used by federal courts primarily to avoid deciding cases regarding conflicts between the president and Congress is known as the doctrine of

Under which of the following conditions is a protest least likely to be effective?

a. when the protest is directed at a specific law b. when the goal of the protest is to place to an issue on the agenda of decision makers c. when the goal of the protest is to get a law changed d. when the protest is targeted toward public officials who are capable of granting the desired concession

Which political party ran on a platform opposing Catholic immigrants during the 1850s?

A) Republicans B) Progressives C) Dixiecrats D) Democrats E) Know-Nothings