A rat learns to press a bar to turn off an electric shock. This is an example of
a. escape learning.
b. avoidance learning.
c. an unconditioned response.
d. positive reinforcement.
A
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Contemporary memory researchers would be most likely to agree that childhood amnesia ________
a. occurs because the prefrontal cortex and other key brain structures aren't developed yet. b. occurs when the ego represses experiences until the superego forms at ages 3–6. c. is due to the processing of so much new information that retroactive interference occurs. d. occurs because infants don't access memories infrequently and decay occurs.
Research on trends in puberty often focuses on the age of menarche because
A) pubertal trends change more for girls than for boys. B) it is the earliest sign of puberty in girls. C) it is a definite event that is usually noticed and remembered. D) sexual development in boys happens more slowly and gradually.