The number of presidential press conferences held each year since the 1930s has __________

The massive retaliation doctrine

a. said that the U.S. would annihilate Europe if it posed a nuclear threat to the U.S. b. said that the Soviets would annihilate the U.S. if it put missiles in Europe. c. was the deterrent between the Soviets and the Communist Chinese. d. said that the U.S. would strike back against an aggressor with overwhelming force. e. committed the U.S. to a policy of preemption.

Which of the following is not a step in defense policy-making?

a. Devising a public relations strategy b. Calculating the budget requirements c. Determining force levels required for success d. Assessing threats